Types of Multiple Gestation: Understanding monozygotic and dizygotic twins.
Complications of Multiple Pregnancies: Identifying and managing complications such as twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), preterm labor, and growth discordance.
Ultrasound Techniques: Determining chorionicity and amnionicity through ultrasound imaging.
Incidence of Twinning: Exploring the frequency and factors influencing monozygotic and dizygotic twinning.
Criteria for Discordant Growth: Diagnosing and managing discordant growth in multiple gestations.
Risks Associated with Zygocity: Assessing and mitigating risks specific to monozygotic and dizygotic pregnancies.
Diabetes in Pregnancy: Types (gestational, type I, and type II), complications, and ultrasound findings (large placenta, diabetic halo, increased abdominal circumference).
Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN): Causes, detection, sonographic assessment, treatment, and prevention.
Maternal Hypertension: Including pregnancy-induced hypertension and HELLP syndrome, and associated fetal complications.
TORCH Infections: Description, diagnosis, and the role of sonography in management.
Thrombophilias: Impact on pregnancy and management strategies.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Effects on pregnancy and fetal outcomes.
Uterine Fibroids: Impact on pregnancy and management.
Hydrops Fetalis: Pathophysiology, including immune and non-immune causes.
